By: Jill Bernstein MD, FAAP Pediatrics of Enfield
Summer is approaching fast in Connecticut. Many parents here in Enfield and beyond are excited to take their little ones outside to enjoy the weather. However, you need to be mindful of sun safety for your baby. An infant’s skin is much thinner and more sensitive than an adult’s, making sun safety a high priority during our high-UV summer months. So before you head outside to the Connecticut River, the park, or even just your backyard, here is your essential guide to keeping your baby safe under the sun in 2026.
The “Under Six Months” Rule
Do you have an infant under the age of six months? If so, you need to be especially mindful of the sun when spending time together outdoors. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends keeping your infant out of direct sunlight whenever possible, especially if they are under six months. Why? Their young skin doesn’t have the melanin, your skin’s natural pigment, to protect them from UV rays. That means they are much more susceptible to sunburn and even sun poisoning with exposure to direct sunlight. When you’re outside, remember to:
- Find Natural Shade: Utilize trees, beach umbrellas, or the canopy of your stroller to keep your baby out of the direct sunlight.
- The “Shadow Rule”: A good rule of thumb is that if your shadow is shorter than you are, the sun’s rays are at their strongest (typically between 10:00 AM and 4:00 PM). This is the best time to stay indoors.
Knowing when to go outside, and when to protect your infant from the sunlight during the New England summer will keep everyone safe.
Strategic Sunscreen Use
Inevitably, you and your baby will be exposed to direct sunlight while outdoors. Maybe you’re down at the Connecticut shoreline or at one of our many beautiful parks. While shade is your first line of defense, sunscreen is necessary for exposed areas like the face and the backs of hands. However, not all sunscreen is created equal. Here are some tips about what kinds of sunscreen to use on your infant:
- Mineral vs. Chemical: For infants, we recommend mineral sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. These sit on top of the skin and reflect UV rays rather than being absorbed into the skin.
- SPF 30 or Higher: Ensure the product is “broad-spectrum,” meaning it protects against both UVA and UVB rays.
- Application: Apply 15–30 minutes before going outside and reapply every two hours, or immediately after your baby gets wet. Sunscreen is typically not waterproof.
Dress for Protection
You’ve planned your trips outside, you have access to shade, and you have sunscreen. But there is another vital line of defense against direct sunlight: clothing. Your baby’s clothing can be a more effective barrier than sunscreen. Look for lightweight, tightly woven fabrics.
- UPF Clothing: Many modern infant outfits come with a Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) rating. A rating of UPF 50+ is ideal.
- The Wide-Brimmed Hat: A hat that shades the face, ears, and back of the neck is a must-have. Avoid baseball caps, as they leave the ears and neck exposed.
- Sunglasses: It is never too early to start protecting your baby’s eyes. Look for “wrap-around” styles with 100% UV protection
Hydration and Heatstroke Awareness
We’ve focused a lot on preventing sunburn and exposure to UV rays. However, sun safety isn’t just about the skin; it’s about internal temperature. Too much exposure to direct sunlight can put your baby at risk of both dehydration and heatstroke. Infants cannot regulate their body temperature as efficiently as adults, so it’s important to pay close attention to any signs of sun-related discomfort while you:
- Monitor Fluids: Infants under six months should stick to breast milk or formula for hydration. Infants over six months can have small sips of water.
Warning Signs: If your baby becomes unusually fussy, develops a deep red flush, or has a decrease in wet diapers, they may be overheating. Move to a cool, air-conditioned environment immediately
Local Advice for Local Families
Direct sunlight isn’t the only risk your baby faces outdoors. Remember that UV rays can penetrate clouds and reflect off water. Even on an overcast day at Crystal Lake or the Shoreline, your baby can still sustain a sunburn. Always check the local UV Index on your weather app before heading out; if the index is 3 or higher, protection is required.
When to Call Pediatrics of Enfield: If your infant develops a sunburn that results in blistering, fever, chills, or extreme lethargy, please call our office immediately at (860) 744-2244. We are here to ensure your family enjoys a healthy, happy Connecticut summer
About the Author
Dr. Jill Bernstein, MD, FAAP is an experienced board‑certified pediatrician and Assistant Clinical Professor at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine. With over two decades in pediatric care settings—including academic, community health, subspecialty, and quality improvement leadership. Dr. Bernstein is dedicated to evidence-based practice, interprofessional collaboration, and teaching the next generation of physicians.